Journal: Biomimetics

Article Title: Calcium Silicate-Based Cements for Vital Pulp Therapy: Integrated Assessment of Radiopacity, Elemental Composition, and 24-h Pulp Cell Responses

doi: 10.3390/biomimetics11040280

Figure Lengend Snippet: Viability and inflammatory response of human dental pulp stem cells following exposure to tested calcium silicate-based cements. ( A ) Cell viability assessed using MTT assay following 24-h exposure to material extracts at four serial dilutions (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, and 1:8). Cell viability is expressed as percentage relative to untreated control cells. Dashed line indicates 70% viability threshold according to ISO 10993-5 cytotoxicity standard. ( B ) Anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion quantified by ELISA. ( C ) Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion quantified by ELISA. Cytokine expression (IL-6 and IL-10) was evaluated at 1:2 extract dilution, a concentration at which the majority of tested materials demonstrated acceptable cell viability (≥70% per ISO 10993-5) in the MTT assay. All data represent mean ± standard deviation from three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs; CELPROGEN, 36086-01, Torrance, CA, USA) were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U/mL penicillin-streptomycin, and L-glutamine.

Techniques: MTT Assay, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation